Quit playing hunger games. The new rules of dieting will surprise you -- and keep you slim and
satisfied.
By Melissa Daly
Quality Versus Quantity
If
you're anything like me, I'm betting this will sound familiar: You try to eat
right. And you exercise regularly. But still those last five pounds don't want
to budge. So what's up with that? Turns out, much of the conventional
weight-loss wisdom is just plain wrong, many experts say. It's not about
deprivation or getting more veggies or eliminating certain food groups from
your diet. Instead it's about a smarter and more enjoyable way of eating every
day that will give you energy, boost your mood, and help you reach your happy
weight and stay there. Here top nutritionists spill the new diet dos they swear
by.
Find your balance.
Calories
in, calories out. We've been told that dropping pounds or maintaining our
weight rests solely on this simple equation. Wrong! "In reality, not all
calories are created equal," says dietitian Ashley Koff, RD, a coauthor of
Mom Energy and a FITNESS advisory board member. "Quality is just as
important as quantity." Here's why: Munching two 100-calorie packs of
cookies for your midmorning snack gives you a total of two to three servings,
or about 36 grams of carbs, and very little protein. Your body uses just 15 to
20 of those grams of carbs for energy, and unless you're highly active, it will
probably store the rest, Koff explains. As a result, you end up gaining weight
rather than losing it.
Stop
the calorie obsession and focus more on balancing your nutrients. "Every
time you eat, aim for unlimited amounts of nonstarchy vegetables and one
serving each of carbs -- whole grains, fruits, or starchy vegetables, like
carrots and corn -- protein, and healthy fat," Koff says. Consuming foods
in every category gives your body a steady supply of energy all day with no
fattening side effects. So instead of cookies for your prelunch snack, nosh on
an apple and some nuts or vegetables and a little dip made from low-fat Greek
yogurt.
Stop the endless grazing.
Some
of us have done away with breakfast, lunch, and dinner in favor of the six
small meals many experts tout as the key to staving off hunger and losing
weight. But this strategy can easily backfire if small meals creep into
traditional-size ones or turn into all-day snacking. The trouble is, when
you're nibbling a little bit here and there, it's hard to keep track of how
much you're putting away. "Plus if you're not getting full at any given
time, it sets you up to consume even more overall. There's something
psychologically and physically satisfying about eating a complete meal and
having that truly full feeling rather than just taking the edge off your
appetite every hour or two," says Marjorie Nolan, RD, a spokesperson for
the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. At meals, it's typical to have several
different dishes, but grazers may munch on just one thing, like pretzels. That
means you can down a whole bag and still walk away unsatisfied, Nolan explains.
Instead
of picking at food all day, shoot for three meals and two snacks or five mini
meals. Be sure to combine a few tastes and textures at each sitting, like
carrot sticks and whole wheat crackers dipped in hummus, or half a sandwich.
Plan small meals in advance so you aren't tempted by -- or stuck with --
whatever open bag happens to be within reach. And write down what you eat so
you keep tabs on just how much you're consuming.
Give yourself an afternoon treat.
Good
news: It's healthier to hit the vending machine than to go hungry. The typical stretch
between lunch and dinner is too long for blood sugar levels to remain stable
without a calorie infusion, says nutritionist Dawn Jackson Blatner, RD, a FITNESS
advisory board member. Your best bet: "If you tend to get famished at
3 p.m., don't fight it, plan for it," she says. Keep healthy snacks
like apples, almonds, string cheese, and pears at the office and you won't have
to scramble for something to eat.
If
you didn't bring your own, no biggie, just choose wisely at the machine.
"Sunflower seeds and peanuts are superhealthy, a chocolate chip granola
bar is a smarter cocoa fix than a candy bar, and baked chips or popcorn is
better than regular chips for a salty crunch,"
Blatner says. Pass up fruit snacks in favor of the real thing from the corner
deli. Absolutely gotta have chocolate candy? Opt for a plain Hershey's bar or
peanut M&M'S which are slightly lower in calories and saturated fat and
sugar and have slightly more fiber and protein than other bars.
What to Eat
Stock your kitchen for success.
You
can buy all the veggies you want, but that doesn't mean you're going to eat them,
especially if they're hidden away in the produce drawer. "Healthy eating
is about having the right foods ready and waiting for you," says
nutritionist David Grotto, RD, the author of 101 Foods That Could Save Your
Life and a FITNESS advisory board member. "Bust fruits and veggies out
of crisper prison, wash them, cut them up, and put them at the front of the
center shelf in your fridge. You're more likely to eat whatever is directly in
your line of sight." Keep the following foods on hand to make whipping up
a healthy meal or snack easier than ordering takeout.
Milk
Research
has shown that two glasses of nonfat milk after exercise helps you gain more
muscle and lose more fat.
Full-fat cheese
Go for a little bit of the good stuff instead of too much of the
skinnier version. "You'll end up eating more of the low-fat cheese if
you're not fully satisfied by it," Grotto says.
Greek yogurt
"It has more protein than regular yogurt, and it's extra creamy.
Use it in place of sour cream or crème fraîche in chilis, sauces, potatoes,
and dips," Grotto says.
Frozen vegetables
Just three minutes in the microwave and they're ready for you to add
them to salads, soups, or stir-fries or to munch on them for a snack with a
little hummus or salsa.
Healthy frozen meals
Look for entrees of less than 400 calories, with
at least three grams of fiber and less than 500 milligrams of sodium.
Low-sodium lunch meat
Eat it in sandwiches made from whole-grain bread,
or roll it up with veggies and hummus in the middle.
Cleaned and portioned frozen fish fillets
"Once it's
defrosted, salmon takes just minutes to prepare," Grotto says.
Canned beans
"Rinse and then put a handful into soups, stews, and salads for
protein and fiber galore," Grotto suggests.
Whole-grain cereal, crackers, and pasta
Chose ones with at least
five grams of protein and three grams of fiber. The protein will keep you
feeling satisfied, and the fiber delivers long-lasting fullness.
Peanut butter
"It's packed with protein and antioxidants, especially
resveratrol, which has been found to help fight cancer and heart disease,"
Grotto says.
Canola oil
This heart-healthy monounsaturated fat is the perfect choice for
sautéing because it has a high smoking point. "Store it in the fridge,
because oils become rancid when exposed to heat and air," Grotto advises.
Eat more potatoes.
Sounds
like diet blasphemy, right? During the low-carb craze, it was drummed into our
heads that spuds packed on pounds, so we avoided them at all costs. But now the
thinking has changed -- and how! Potatoes are actually a nutrient powerhouse,
says Elisa Zied, RD, the author of Nutrition at Your Fingertips.
"They're loaded with vitamin C and potassium, and they're a good source of
fiber, which fills us up and helps keep cholesterol levels healthy," she
explains. "Potatoes with red or purple skins also contain carotenoids and
other antioxidants that fight damage from free radicals that can cause
disease." In recent research, purple potatoes have also been shown to
reduce blood pressure without causing weight gain.
Stop
shunning spuds and start adding them to your plate. One medium potato (or a
cup of diced or mashed) counts as one serving of vegetables. Because potatoes
are starchy, round out your meal with a colorful second veggie, like broccoli
or tomatoes.
How to Stay on Track
Be a restaurant snob.
You
already know to pick grilled over fried; ask for less cream, butter, or oil in
your food; and request that half your meal be wrapped in a doggie bag. But
there are other smart ways to prevent dining out from blowing your good
intentions, says Katherine Tallmadge, RD, the author of Diet Simple: 195
Mental Tricks, Substitutions, Habits & Inspirations. Try her
strategies:
Keep an open mind. Italian food is heavy, Asian is light -- right? Not so fast. "With
Thai or Chinese, there's a lot of deep frying and also tons of oil in
stir-fries," Tallmadge explains. Italian dishes like grilled fish or pasta
primavera, though, tend to use less. Open to something new? "Try
Vietnamese, which is full of grilled meats and vegetables, soups, and
salads," Tallmadge says.
Go out to lunch. "If you're going to indulge, do it midday rather than in the
evening," Tallmadge advises. "That way, you can cut back at dinner to
even out your calories for the day. Bonus: Lunch is usually cheaper, so you can
afford a nicer place. Speaking of which...
Spend smarter. With any cuisine, fancier often means healthier. "Higher-end
places use good-quality ingredients in smaller amounts, while midlevel and
lower-end places frequently overuse lower-quality meats and cheeses in huge
portions," Tallmadge says. Save your cash for one outing a week to a
swanky spot instead of three stops at a chain.
Split up your order. Ask to start with a salad or vegetable soup -- and
eat it -- before choosing your main course. "Doing this will help you make
a better decision," Tallmadge says. In all likelihood, you may only be
hungry enough for an appetizer rather than a full entrée.
Weigh in weekly.
Some
experts claim that the scale keeps dieters accountable; others believe it makes
them frustrated, demoralized, and focused on pounds instead of wellness. The
bottom line: How often you should take a reading comes down to knowing
yourself, says Madelyn Fernstrom, PhD, the founding director of the University
of Pittsburgh's Medical Center's Weight Management Center and a FITNESS
advisory board member. "Research indicates that once a week is good and
once a day is probably even better for some people. But if seeing a number
that's even slightly off makes you want to throw up your hands -- especially
toward a box of Girl Scout cookies -- use a different gauge, like the fit of
your favorite jeans.
To
benefit from weighing in, pick one day and time each week to do it, like first
thing in the morning, when you're naked and after you've hit the bathroom, when
most people typically weigh the least. If you don't like the readout, consider
the reasons it might be up: Got your period? Had salty food for dinner last
night? If none of those applies, look at where you stand for the month.
"Plus or minus less than two pounds during the course of a month is
essentially weight-neutral. You're doing great; you've discovered how to
maintain," Fernstrom says.
Pull out of a diet tailspin.
Many
women are prone to all-or-nothing thinking when it comes to food. You know, you
do great all week, then one big cupcake at the office birthday party and, well,
the day is shot, so you may as well order greasy takeout for dinner.
"People don't gain weight from one diet lapse, but rather from how they
respond to it," says FITNESS advisory board member Kathy McManus, RD,
director of the department of nutrition at Brigham and Women's Hospital in
Boston. "Instead of feeling like a failure and giving up on the rest of
the day, shake it off and move on." The way to do that is not by punishing
yourself with celery for dinner. "Just set one specific, positive goal for
the next day, like eating two pieces of fruit," McManus says, then carry
on as usual. "You'll be surprised how accomplishing one simple thing can
restore your courage and put you back on track for success."
Originally
published in FITNESS magazine, May 2012.
